2023-08-02 17:06:44 +03:00
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# Exclamation mark
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2025-03-07 14:06:17 +02:00
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> Reuse and expand the shell history in `sh`, Bash, Zsh, `rbash` and `ksh`.
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2024-09-10 20:36:38 +02:00
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> More information: <https://gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Event-Designators>.
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2023-08-02 17:06:44 +03:00
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2023-11-12 04:08:58 +01:00
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- Substitute with the previous command and run it with `sudo`:
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2023-08-02 17:06:44 +03:00
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`sudo !!`
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- Substitute with a command based on its line number found with `history`:
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`!{{number}}`
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2023-09-15 03:39:50 +03:00
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- Substitute with a command that was used a specified number of lines back:
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2023-08-02 17:06:44 +03:00
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`!-{{number}}`
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2023-11-11 12:42:46 -03:00
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- Substitute with the most recent command that starts with a string:
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2023-08-02 17:06:44 +03:00
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`!{{string}}`
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2023-09-25 13:07:36 -05:00
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- Substitute with the arguments of the latest command:
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`{{command}} !*`
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2024-02-26 19:36:15 +02:00
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- Substitute with the last argument of the latest command:
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`{{command}} !$`
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2024-10-08 18:37:14 +03:00
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- Substitute with the last command but without the last argument:
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`!:-`
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- Print last command that starts with a string without executing it:
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`!{{string}}:p`
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