linux*: refresh old pages part 1 (#16251)

Co-authored-by: Sebastiaan Speck <12570668+sebastiaanspeck@users.noreply.github.com>

pages/linux/certbot.md

@@ -2,19 +2,19 @@
 
 > The Let's Encrypt Agent for automatically obtaining and renewing TLS certificates.
 > Successor to `letsencrypt`.
-> More information: <https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html>.
+> More information: <https://eff-certbot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/using.html>.
 
 - Obtain a new certificate via webroot authorization, but do not install it automatically:
 
-`sudo certbot certonly --webroot --webroot-path {{path/to/webroot}} --domain {{subdomain.example.com}}`
+`sudo certbot certonly --webroot {{[-w|--webroot-path]}} {{path/to/webroot}} {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}}`
 
 - Obtain a new certificate via nginx authorization, installing the new certificate automatically:
 
-`sudo certbot --nginx --domain {{subdomain.example.com}}`
+`sudo certbot --nginx {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}}`
 
 - Obtain a new certificate via apache authorization, installing the new certificate automatically:
 
-`sudo certbot --apache --domain {{subdomain.example.com}}`
+`sudo certbot --apache {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}}`
 
 - Renew all Let's Encrypt certificates that expire in 30 days or less (don't forget to restart any servers that use them afterwards):
 
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
 
 - Simulate the obtaining of a new certificate, but don't actually save any new certificates to disk:
 
-`sudo certbot --webroot --webroot-path {{path/to/webroot}} --domain {{subdomain.example.com}} --dry-run`
+`sudo certbot --webroot {{[-w|--webroot-path]}} {{path/to/webroot}} {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}} --dry-run`
 
 - Obtain an untrusted test certificate instead:
 
-`sudo certbot --webroot --webroot-path {{path/to/webroot}} --domain {{subdomain.example.com}} --test-cert`
+`sudo certbot --webroot {{[-w|--webroot-path]}} {{path/to/webroot}} {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}} --test-cert`

pages/linux/cewl.md

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 # cewl
 
 > URL spidering tool for making a cracking wordlist from web content.
-> More information: <https://digi.ninja/projects/cewl.php>.
+> More information: <https://digi.ninja/projects/cewl.php#usage>.
 
 - Create a wordlist file from the given URL up to 2 links depth:
 
-`cewl --depth {{2}} --write {{path/to/wordlist.txt}} {{url}}`
+`cewl {{[-d|--depth]}} 2 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/wordlist.txt}} {{url}}`
 
 - Output an alphanumeric wordlist from the given URL with words of minimum 5 characters:
 
-`cewl --with-numbers --min_word_length {{5}} {{url}}`
+`cewl --with-numbers {{[-m|--min_word_length]}} 5 {{url}}`
 
 - Output a wordlist from the given URL in debug mode including email addresses:
 
-`cewl --debug --email {{url}}`
+`cewl --debug {{[-e|--email]}} {{url}}`
 
 - Output a wordlist from the given URL using HTTP Basic or Digest authentication:
 

pages/linux/compsize.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 > Calculate the compression ratio of a set of files on a btrfs filesystem.
 > See also `btrfs filesystem` for recompressing a file by defragmenting it.
-> More information: <https://github.com/kilobyte/compsize>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/compsize>.
 
 - Calculate the current compression ratio for a file or directory:
 
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 
 - Don't traverse filesystem boundaries:
 
-`sudo compsize --one-file-system {{path/to/file_or_directory}}`
+`sudo compsize {{[-x|--one-file-system]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}`
 
 - Show raw byte counts instead of human-readable sizes:
 
-`sudo compsize --bytes {{path/to/file_or_directory}}`
+`sudo compsize {{[-b|--bytes]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}`

pages/linux/dex.md

@@ -5,27 +5,27 @@
 
 - Execute all programs in the autostart folders:
 
-`dex --autostart`
+`dex {{[-a|--autostart]}}`
 
 - Execute all programs in the specified folders:
 
-`dex --autostart --search-paths {{path/to/directory1}}:{{path/to/directory2}}:{{path/to/directory3}}:`
+`dex {{[-a|--autostart]} {{[-s|--search-paths]}} {{path/to/directory1}}:{{path/to/directory2}}:{{path/to/directory3}}:`
 
 - Preview the programs would be executed in a GNOME specific autostart:
 
-`dex --autostart --environment {{GNOME}}`
+`dex {{[-a|--autostart]} {{[-e|--environment]}} {{GNOME}}`
 
 - Preview the programs would be executed in a regular autostart:
 
-`dex --autostart --dry-run`
+`dex {{[-a|--autostart]} {{[-d|--dry-run]}}`
 
 - Preview the value of the DesktopEntry property `Name`:
 
-`dex --property {{Name}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}`
+`dex {{[-p|--property]}} {{Name}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}`
 
 - Create a DesktopEntry for a program in the current directory:
 
-`dex --create {{path/to/file.desktop}}`
+`dex {{[-c|--create]}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}`
 
 - Execute a single program (with `Terminal=true` in the desktop file) in the given terminal:
 

pages/linux/dkms.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # dkms
 
 > A framework that allows for dynamic building of kernel modules.
-> More information: <https://github.com/dell/dkms>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/dkms>.
 
 - List currently installed modules:
 

pages/linux/dstat.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 
 - Display CPU and memory statistics only:
 
-`dstat --cpu --mem`
+`dstat {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{[-m|--mem]}}`
 
 - List all available dstat plugins:
 

pages/linux/exif.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # exif
 
 > Show and change EXIF information in JPEG files.
-> More information: <https://github.com/libexif/exif/>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/exif>.
 
 - Show all recognized EXIF information in an image:
 
@@ -9,16 +9,16 @@
 
 - Show a table listing known EXIF tags and whether each one exists in an image:
 
-`exif --list-tags --no-fixup {{image.jpg}}`
+`exif {{[-l|--list-tags]}} --no-fixup {{path/to/image.jpg}}`
 
-- Extract the image thumbnail into the file `thumbnail.jpg`:
+- Extract the image thumbnail into a separate file:
 
-`exif --extract-thumbnail --output={{thumbnail.jpg}} {{image.jpg}}`
+`exif {{[-e|--extract-thumbnail]}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/thumbnail.jpg}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}`
 
 - Show the raw contents of the "Model" tag in the given image:
 
-`exif --ifd={{0}} --tag={{Model}} --machine-readable {{image.jpg}}`
+`exif --ifd {{0}} {{[-t|--tag]}} "Model" {{[-m|--machine-readable]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}`
 
 - Change the value of the "Artist" tag to John Smith and save to `new.jpg`:
 
-`exif --output={{new.jpg}} --ifd={{0}} --tag="{{Artist}}" --set-value="{{John Smith}}" --no-fixup {{image.jpg}}`
+`exif {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/new.jpg}} --ifd {{0}} {{[-t|--tag]}} "Artist" --set-value "John Smith" --no-fixup {{path/to/image.jpg}}`

pages/linux/fail2ban-client.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # fail2ban-client
 
 > Configure and control fail2ban server.
-> More information: <https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/fail2ban-client>.
 
 - Retrieve current status of the jail service:
 

pages/linux/findfs.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # findfs
 
 > Finds a filesystem by label or UUID.
-> More information: <https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/findfs>.
 
 - Search block devices by filesystem label:
 

pages/linux/maim.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # maim
 
 > Screenshot utility.
-> More information: <https://github.com/naelstrof/maim>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/maim>.
 
 - Capture a screenshot and save it to the given path:
 
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 
 - Capture a screenshot of the selected region:
 
-`maim --select {{path/to/screenshot.png}}`
+`maim {{[-s|--select]}} {{path/to/screenshot.png}}`
 
 - Capture a screenshot of the selected region and save it in the clipboard (requires `xclip`):
 
-`maim --select | xclip -selection clipboard -target image/png`
+`maim {{[-s|--select]}} | xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}} {{[-t|-target]}} image/png`
 
 - Capture a screenshot of the current active window (requires `xdotool`):
 
-`maim --window $(xdotool getactivewindow) {{path/to/screenshot.png}}`
+`maim {{[-i|--window]}} $(xdotool getactivewindow) {{path/to/screenshot.png}}`

pages/linux/ntpq.md

@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
 # ntpq
 
 > Query the Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon.
-> More information: <https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/ntp/html/ntpq.html>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/man/ntpq.1>.
 
 - Start `ntpq` in interactive mode:
 
-`ntpq --interactive`
+`ntpq`
 
 - Print a list of NTP peers:
 
-`ntpq --peers`
+`ntpq {{[-p|--peers]}}`
 
 - Print a list of NTP peers without resolving hostnames from IP addresses:
 
-`ntpq --numeric --peers`
+`ntpq {{[-n|--numeric]}} {{[-p|--peers]}}`
 
 - Use `ntpq` in debugging mode:
 
-`ntpq --debug-level`
+`ntpq {{[-d|--debug-level]}}`
 
 - Print NTP system variables values:
 
-`ntpq --command={{rv}}`
+`ntpq {{[-c|--command]}} {{rv}}`

pages/linux/openfortivpn.md

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 # openfortivpn
 
 > A VPN client, for Fortinet's proprietary PPP+SSL VPN solution.
-> More information: <https://github.com/adrienverge/openfortivpn>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/openfortivpn>.
 
 - Connect to a VPN with a username and password:
 
-`openfortivpn --username={{username}} --password={{password}}`
+`openfortivpn {{[-u|--username]}} {{username}} {{[-p|--password]}} {{password}}`
 
 - Connect to a VPN using a specific configuration file (defaults to `/etc/openfortivpn/config`):
 
-`sudo openfortivpn --config={{path/to/config}}`
+`sudo openfortivpn {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config}}`
 
 - Connect to a VPN by specifying the host and port:
 
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
 
 - Trust a given gateway by passing in its certificate's sha256 sum:
 
-`openfortivpn --trusted-cert={{sha256_sum}}`
+`openfortivpn --trusted-cert {{sha256_sum}}`

pages/linux/photorec.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 > Deleted file recovery tool.
 > It is recommended to write recovered files to a disk separate to the one being recovered from.
-> More information: <https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec>.
+> More information: <https://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec_Step_By_Step>.
 
 - Run PhotoRec on a specific device:
 

pages/linux/pmount.md

@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@
 
 - Mount a device with a specific filesystem type to `/media/label`:
 
-`pmount --type {{filesystem}} {{/dev/to/block/device}} {{label}}`
+`pmount {{[-t|--type]}} {{filesystem}} {{/dev/to/block/device}} {{label}}`
 
 - Mount a CD-ROM (filesystem type ISO9660) in read-only mode:
 
-`pmount --type {{iso9660}} --read-only {{/dev/cdrom}}`
+`pmount {{[-t|--type]}} iso9660 {{[-r|--read-only]}} {{/dev/cdrom}}`
 
 - Mount an NTFS-formatted disk, forcing read-write access:
 
-`pmount --type {{ntfs}} --read-write {{/dev/sdX}}`
+`pmount {{[-t|--type]}} ntfs {{[-w|--read-write]}} {{/dev/sdX}}`
 
 - Display all mounted removable devices:
 

pages/linux/resolveip.md

@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@
 
 `resolveip {{1.1.1.1}}`
 
-- Silent mode. Produces less output:
+- Resolve a hostname to an IP address with less output:
 
-`resolveip --silent {{example.org}}`
+`resolveip {{[-s|--silent]}} {{example.org}}`

pages/linux/rpcclient.md

@@ -5,19 +5,19 @@
 
 - Connect to a remote host:
 
-`rpcclient --user {{domain}}\{{username}}%{{password}} {{ip}}`
+`rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}}%{{password}} {{ip}}`
 
 - Connect to a remote host on a domain without a password:
 
-`rpcclient --user {{username}} --workgroup {{domain}} --no-pass {{ip}}`
+`rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{username}} {{[-W|--workgroup]}} {{domain}} {{[-N|--no-pass]}} {{ip}}`
 
 - Connect to a remote host, passing the password hash:
 
-`rpcclient --user {{domain}}\{{username}} --pw-nt-hash {{ip}}`
+`rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}} --pw-nt-hash {{ip}}`
 
 - Execute shell commands on a remote host:
 
-`rpcclient --user {{domain}}\{{username}}%{{password}} --command {{semicolon_separated_commands}} {{ip}}`
+`rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}}%{{password}} {{[-c|--command]}} {{semicolon_separated_commands}} {{ip}}`
 
 - Display domain users:
 

pages/linux/sam.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # sam
 
 > AWS Serverless Application Model (SAM) CLI.
-> More information: <https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sam-cli>.
+> More information: <https://docs.aws.amazon.com/serverless-application-model/latest/developerguide/using-sam-cli-corecommands.html>.
 
 - Initialize a serverless application:
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 - Initialize a serverless application with a specific runtime:
 
-`sam init --runtime {{python3.7}}`
+`sam init {{[-r|--runtime]}} {{python3.7}}`
 
 - Package a SAM application:
 

pages/linux/scanimage.md

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
 - List available scanners to ensure the target device is connected and recognized:
 
-`scanimage -L`
+`scanimage {{[-L|--list-devices]}}`
 
 - Scan an image and save it to a file:
 
-`scanimage --format={{pnm|tiff|png|jpeg}} > {{path/to/new_image}}`
+`scanimage --format {{pnm|tiff|png|jpeg}} > {{path/to/new_image}}`

pages/linux/smbget.md

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 
 - Connect with a username and password:
 
-`smbget {{smb://server/share/file}} --user {{username%password}}`
+`smbget {{smb://server/share/file}} {{[-U|--user]}} {{username%password}}`
 
 - Require encrypted transfers:
 
-`smbget {{smb://server/share/file}} --encrypt`
+`smbget {{smb://server/share/file}} {{[-e|--encrypt]}}`

pages/linux/srun.md

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 
 - Submit an interactive job with different attributes:
 
-`srun --ntasks-per-node={{num_cores}} --mem-per-cpu={{memory_MB}} --pty /bin/bash`
+`srun --ntasks-per-node {{num_cores}} --mem-per-cpu {{memory_MB}} --pty /bin/bash`
 
 - Connect to a worker node with a job running:
 
-`srun --jobid={{job_id}} --pty /bin/bash`
+`srun --jobid {{job_id}} --pty /bin/bash`

pages/linux/tcptraceroute.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # tcptraceroute
 
 > A traceroute implementation using TCP packets.
-> More information: <https://github.com/mct/tcptraceroute>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/tcptraceroute>.
 
 - Trace the route to a host:
 

pages/linux/tic.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # tic
 
 > Compile terminfo and install for ncurses.
-> More information: <https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xcurses/terminfo.html>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/tic>.
 
 - Compile and install terminfo for a terminal:
 

pages/linux/timeshift.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # timeshift
 
 > System restore utility.
-> More information: <https://github.com/teejee2008/timeshift>.
+> More information: <https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift>.
 
 - List snapshots:
 

pages/linux/tlp.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 > Advanced power management for Linux.
 > See also `tlp-stat`.
-> More information: <https://linrunner.de/tlp/>.
+> More information: <https://linrunner.de/tlp/usage/tlp.html>.
 
 - Apply settings (according to the actual power source):
 

pages/linux/unshadow.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # unshadow
 
 > Utility provided by the John the Ripper project to obtain the traditional Unix password file if the system uses shadow passwords.
-> More information: <https://www.openwall.com/john/>.
+> More information: <https://www.openwall.com/john/doc/>.
 
 - Combine the `/etc/shadow` and `/etc/passwd` of the current system:
 

pages/linux/veracrypt.md

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 # veracrypt
 
 > Free and open source disk encryption software.
-> More information: <https://www.veracrypt.fr/code/VeraCrypt/plain/doc/html/Documentation.html>.
+> More information: <https://arcanecode.com/2021/06/21/veracrypt-on-the-command-line-for-ubuntu-linux/>.
 
 - Create a new volume through a text user interface and use `/dev/urandom` as a source of random data:
 
-`veracrypt --text --create --random-source={{/dev/urandom}}`
+`veracrypt {{[-t|--text]}} {{[-c|--create]}} --random-source={{/dev/urandom}}`
 
 - Decrypt a volume interactively through a text user interface and mount it to a directory:
 
-`veracrypt --text {{path/to/volume}} {{path/to/mount_point}}`
+`veracrypt {{[-t|--text]}} {{path/to/volume}} {{path/to/mount_point}}`
 
 - Decrypt a partition using a keyfile and mount it to a directory:
 
-`veracrypt --keyfiles={{path/to/keyfile}} {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/mount_point}}`
+`veracrypt {{[-k|--keyfiles]}} {{path/to/keyfile}} {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/mount_point}}`
 
 - Dismount a volume on the directory it is mounted to:
 
-`veracrypt --dismount {{path/to/mounted_point}}`
+`veracrypt {{[-d|--dismount]}} {{path/to/mounted_point}}`

pages/linux/wg-quick.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # wg-quick
 
 > Quickly set up WireGuard tunnels based on config files.
-> More information: <https://www.wireguard.com/quickstart/>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/wg-quick>.
 
 - Set up a VPN tunnel:
 

pages/linux/xbacklight.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # xbacklight
 
 > Utility to adjust backlight brightness using the RandR extension.
-> More information: <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/xbacklight>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/xbacklight>.
 
 - Get the current screen brightness as a percentage:
 

pages/linux/xclip.md

@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@
 
 - Copy the output from a command to the system clipboard, using short notation:
 
-`echo 123 | xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} clip`
+`echo 123 | xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}}`
 
 - Copy the contents of a file into the system clipboard:
 
-`xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} clip {{input_file.txt}}`
+`xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}} {{input_file.txt}}`
 
 - Copy the contents of a PNG into the system clipboard (can be pasted in other programs correctly):
 
-`xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} clip {{[-t|-target]}} image/png {{input_file.png}}`
+`xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}} {{[-t|-target]}} image/png {{input_file.png}}`
 
 - Copy the user input in the console into the system clipboard:
 
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@
 
 - Paste the contents of the system clipboard to the console:
 
-`xclip {{[-o|-out]}} {{[-se|-selection]}} clip`
+`xclip {{[-o|-out]}} {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}}`

pages/linux/xvfb-run.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # xvfb-run
 
 > Run a command in a virtual X server environment.
-> More information: <https://www.x.org/wiki/>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/xvfb-run>.
 
 - Run the specified command in a virtual X server:
 
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 
 - Try to get a free server number, if the default (99) is not available:
 
-`xvfb-run --auto-servernum {{command}}`
+`xvfb-run {{[-a|--auto-servernum]}} {{command}}`
 
 - Pass arguments to the Xvfb server:
 
-`xvfb-run --server-args "{{-screen 0 1024x768x24}}" {{command}}`
+`xvfb-run {{[-s|--server-args]}} "{{-screen 0 1024x768x24}}" {{command}}`